A joint team from Duke and the University of Cape Town working with caregivers of autistic children in South Africa moved in-person caregiver coaching sessions to a low-cost platform because of COVID-19 restrictions.
Read how they adapted their program to continue delivering exceptional autism care in low-resource communities, using an app most people in South Africa already had access to (🔓open access): https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241300774
Abstract
We were busy with an early autism caregiver-coaching programme in South Africa, when COVID-19 stopped all in-person work. We changed the programme so it could be done using computers and/or phones. Here, we describe programme changes (which we call the ‘what’) and the reasons for those changes (which we call the ‘why’).
We used a tool called the Framework for Modification and Adaptations (FRAME) to describe the ‘what’, and the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework to describe the ‘why’ of our programme changes. The team members who helped make these changes checked that the changes described were correct.
We made 10 changes in total: we used WhatsApp to deliver the programme, made simple pictures with words as visual tools for the programme, changed some session activities, changed a self-reflection checklist, provided all activities online, changed the way assessment and consent was done, made a session recording guide, sent things needed for sessions by email and WhatsApp, and made a caregiver–child play recording guide.
The reasons for changes (the ‘why’) were about factors outside schools (the types of phones and data people had, WhatsApp security rules, COVID-19 rules), things inside schools/workplace (about the caregivers and nonspecialists themselves, ethics boards, things about the school itself), and support from people who developed the programme. Changes were made by working with things inside schools/workplace that could change. Identifying what could change helped focus and guide which changes were made to a programme.
Viljoen, M., Seris, N., Shabalala, N., Ndlovu, M., de Vries, P. J., & Franz, L. (2024). Adapting an early autism caregiver coaching intervention for telehealth delivery in low-resource settings: A South African study of the ‘what’ and the ‘why’. Autism, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241300774